Chiropractic Research, Wellness and Alternative Medicine Overview
We report a novel method for estimating fluorescence impulse response function (fIRF) from noise-corrupted time-domain fluorescence measurements of biological tissue. This method is based on the use of high-order Laguerre basis functions and a constrained least-squares approach that addresses the problem of overfitting due to increased model complexity. The new method was extensively evaluated on fluorescence data from simulation, fluorescent standard dyes, ex vivo tissue samples of atherosclerotic plaques and in vivo oral carcinoma. Current results demonstrate that this method allows for rapid and accurate deconvolution of multiple channel fluorescence decays without adaptively adjusting the Laguerre scale parameter. The appropriate choice of the scale parameter is essential for accurate ...
Physics in Medicine and Biology
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February 3, 2012
We present a new version of STIR (Software for Tomographic Image Reconstruction), an open source object-oriented library implemented in C++Â for 3D positron emission tomography reconstruction. This library has been designed such that it can be used for many algorithms and scanner geometries, while being portable to various computing platforms. This second release enhances its flexibility and modular design and includes additional features such as Compton scatter simulation, an additional iterative reconstruction algorithm and parametric image reconstruction (both indirect and direct). We discuss the new features in this release and present example results. STIR can be downloaded from http://stir.sourceforge.net.
PMID: 22290410 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Physics in Medicine and Biol...
Physics in Medicine and Biology
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February 3, 2012
Authors: Defrise M, Rezaei A, Nuyts J
Abstract
In positron emission tomography (PET), a quantitative reconstruction of the tracer distribution requires accurate attenuation correction. We consider situations where a direct measurement of the attenuation coefficient of the tissues is not available or is unreliable, and where one attempts to estimate the attenuation sinogram directly from the emission data by exploiting the consistency conditions that must be satisfied by the non-attenuated data. We show that in time-of-flight PET, the attenuation sinogram is determined by the emission data except for a constant and that its gradient can be estimated efficiently using a simple analytic algorithm. The stability of the method is illustrated numerically by means of a 2D simulation.
...
Physics in Medicine and Biology
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February 3, 2012
Authors: Jing Y, Meral FC, Clement GT
Abstract
This paper proposes the use of a k-space method to obtain the correction for transcranial ultrasound beam focusing. Mirroring past approaches, a synthetic point source at the focal point is numerically excited, and propagated through the skull, using acoustic properties acquired from registered computed tomography of the skull being studied. The received data outside the skull contain the correction information and can be phase conjugated (time reversed) and then physically generated to achieve a tight focusing inside the skull, by assuming quasi-plane transmission where shear waves are not present or their contribution can be neglected. Compared with the conventional finite-difference time-domain method for wave propagation simulation...
Physics in Medicine and Biology
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February 3, 2012
Authors: Kyriakou E, McKenzie DR
Abstract
Evidence that some lung tumors change shape during respiration is derived from respiratory gated CT data by statistical shape modeling and image manipulation. Some tumors behave as rigid objects while others show systematic shape changes. Two views of lung motion are presented to allow analysis of the results. In the first, lung motion is viewed as a wave motion in which inertial effects arising from mass are present and in the second it is a quasistatic motion in which the mass of the lung tissues is neglected. In the first scenario, the extremes of tumor compression and expansion are expected to correlate with maximum upward and downward velocity of the tumor, respectively. In the second, they should occur at end exhale and end inhale, re...
Physics in Medicine and Biology
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February 3, 2012
This study opens up the possibility of improved tumor ablation therapy via a combination of percutaneous ethanol injection and high-intensity focused ultrasound.
PMID: 22290554 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Physics in Medicine and Biology)
Physics in Medicine and Biology
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February 3, 2012
Authors: Laakso I, Hirata A
Abstract
From extremely low frequencies to intermediate frequencies, the magnitude of induced electric field inside the human body is used as the metric for human protection. The induced electric field inside the body can be computed using anatomically realistic voxel models and numerical methods such as the finite-difference or finite-element methods. The computed electric field is affected by numerical errors that occur when curved boundaries with large contrasts in electrical conductivity are approximated using a staircase grid. In order to lessen the effect of the staircase approximation error, the use of the 99th percentile electric field, i.e. ignoring the highest 1% of electric field values, is recommended in the ICNIRP guidelines. However, the 99...
Physics in Medicine and Biology
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February 3, 2012
This study reports on the electron slowing-down spectra and mean energy per ion pair, the W-value, in water for monoenergetic electron and photon sources calculated with Geant4-DNA. These quantities depend on electron energy, but not on spatial or angular variables which makes them a good choice for testing the model of energy transfer processes. The spectra also have a scientific value for radiobiological modeling as they describe the energy distribution of electrons entering small volumes, such as the cell nucleus. Comparisons of Geant4-DNA results with previous studies showed overall good agreement. Some differences in slowing-down spectra between Geant4-DNA and previous studies were found at 100 eV and at approximately 500 eV that were attributed to approximations in models of vibratio...
Physics in Medicine and Biology
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February 3, 2012
Authors: Provost J, Thiébaut S, Luo J, Konofagou EE
Abstract
Electromechanical Wave Imaging (EWI) is a non-invasive, ultrasound-based imaging method capable of mapping the electromechanical wave (EW) in vivo, i.e. the transient deformations occurring in response to the electrical activation of the heart. Optimal imaging frame rates, in terms of the elastographic signal-to-noise ratio, to capture the EW cannot be achieved due to the limitations of conventional imaging sequences, in which the frame rate is low and tied to the imaging parameters. To achieve higher frame rates, EWI is typically performed by combining sectors acquired during separate heartbeats, which are then combined into a single view. However, the frame rates achieved remain potentially sub-optimal and this approac...
Physics in Medicine and Biology
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February 3, 2012
Authors: Lampe J, Bassoy C, Rahmer J, Weizenecker J, Voss H, Gleich B, Borgert J
Abstract
Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a new tomographic imaging method which is able to capture the fast dynamic behavior of magnetic tracer material. From measured induced signals, the unknown magnetic particle concentration is reconstructed using a previously determined system function, which describes the relation between particle position and signal response. After discretization, the system function is represented by a matrix, whose size can prohibit the use of direct solvers for matrix inversion to reconstruct the image. In this paper, we present a new reconstruction approach, which combines efficient compression techniques and iterative reconstruction solvers. The data compression is based...
Physics in Medicine and Biology
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February 3, 2012
Authors: Chaswal V, Thomadsen BR, Henderson DL
Abstract
The development and application of an automated 3D greedy heuristic (GH) optimization algorithm utilizing the adjoint sensitivity fields for treatment planning to assess the advantage of directional interstitial prostate brachytherapy is presented. Directional and isotropic dose kernels generated using Monte Carlo simulations based on Best Industries model 2301 I-125 source are utilized for treatment planning. The newly developed GH algorithm is employed for optimization of the treatment plans for seven interstitial prostate brachytherapy cases using mixed sources (directional brachytherapy) and using only isotropic sources (conventional brachytherapy). All treatment plans resulted in V100 > 98% and D90 > 45 Gy for the t...
Physics in Medicine and Biology
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February 3, 2012
In this study, we developed a pencil beam algorithm for scanning proton dose calculation by focusing on properly modeling individual scanning spots. All modeling parameters required by the pencil beam algorithm can be generated based solely on a few sets of measured data. We demonstrated that low-dose halos in single-spot profiles in the medium could be adequately modeled with the addition of a modified Cauchy-Lorentz distribution function to a double-Gaussian function. The field size effects were accurately computed at all depths and field sizes for all energies, and good dose accuracy was also achieved for patient dose verification. The implementation of the proposed pencil beam algorithm also enabled us to study the importance of different modeling components and parameters at various b...
Physics in Medicine and Biology
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February 3, 2012
Authors: Pursiainen S, Lucka F, Wolters CH
Abstract
In electroencephalography (EEG) source analysis, a primary current density generated by the neural activity of the brain is reconstructed from external electrode voltage measurements. This paper focuses on accurate and effective simulations of EEG through the complete electrode model (CEM). The CEM allows for the incorporation of the electrode size, shape and effective contact impedance into the forward simulation. Both neural currents in the brain and shunting currents between the electrodes and the skin can affect the measured voltages in the CEM. The goal of this study was to investigate the CEM by comparing it with the point electrode model (PEM), which is the current standard electrode model for EEG. We used a three-dimension...
Physics in Medicine and Biology
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February 3, 2012
Authors: Russell G, Harkins KD, Secomb TW, Galons JP, Trouard TP
Abstract
A new finite difference (FD) method for calculating the time evolution of complex transverse magnetization in diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy experiments is described that incorporates periodic boundary conditions. The new FD method relaxes restrictions on the allowable time step size employed in modeling which can significantly reduce computation time for simulations of large physical extent and allow for more complex, physiologically relevant, geometries to be simulated.
PMID: 22297418 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Physics in Medicine and Biology)
Physics in Medicine and Biology
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February 3, 2012
In biomedical research and practice, quantitative tests or biomarkers are often used for diagnostic or screening purposes, with a cut point established on the quantitative measurement to aid binary classification. This paper introduces an alternative to the traditional methods based on the Youden index and the closestâtoâ(0, 1) criterion for threshold selection. A concordance probability evaluating the classification accuracy of a dichotomized measure is defined as an objective function of the possible cut point. A nonparametric approach is used to search for the optimal cut point maximizing the objective function. The procedure is shown to perform well in a simulation study. Using data from a realâworld study of arsenicâinduced skin lesions, we apply the method to a measure of blo...
Statistics in Medicine
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February 3, 2012
How medicine, sports and society are trying to heal and protect the brains of millions amidst the growing awareness of the long-lasting effects of traumatic head injury [More] (Source: Scientific American - Official RSS Feed)
Scientific American - Official RSS Feed
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February 3, 2012
Morning After The Morning's Trash In my last post , I focused on flaws in the medical device approval process. The Union of Concerned Scientists FDA at a Crossroads meeting also covered problems with drug approval. This is perhaps no better illustrated than by the disappointing decision by Secretary of Health Kathleen Sebelius to deny the emergency contraceptive, Plan B, over-the-counter status for women under the age of 17 . This was a particular disappointment to many because President Obama had promised that decisions at the FDA would be made based on science, rather than politics. Some of us, naively, hoped that change we can believe in was real, having forgotten that the Tooth Fairy wasn t. [More] (Source: Scientific American - Official RSS Feed)
Scientific American - Official RSS Feed
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February 3, 2012
126 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search.
Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results:
"Angew Chem Int Ed Engl"[ta]
These pubmed results were generated on 2012/02/03PubMed, a service of the National Library of Medicine, includes over 15 million
citations for biomedical articles back to the 1950's.
These citations are from MEDLINE and additional life science journals.
PubMed includes links to many sites providing full text articles and other related resources. (Source: Angewandte Chemie)
Angewandte Chemie
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February 3, 2012
This article is currently available as a free download on ingentaconnect (Source: Military Medicine)
Military Medicine
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February 3, 2012
This article is currently available as a free download on ingentaconnect (Source: Military Medicine)
Military Medicine
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February 3, 2012
Conclusions:
There were no statistically significant differences in the primary or secondary outcome scores when comparing full kinematic chain MMT plus exercise with targeted hip MMT plus exercise for mild to moderate symptomatic hip OA. Consequently, the nonsignificant findings suggest that there would also be no clinically meaningful difference between the 2 groups. The results of this study provides guidance to musculoskeletal practitioners who regularly use MMT that the full kinematic chain approach does not appear to have any benefit over targeted treatment. (Source: Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation)
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
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January 31, 2012
You received a call advising that Mr S. H. Irk was in the emergency room having considerable wound pain following an above-knee amputation you performed 6 months ago. You discharged him from your clinic 6 weeks postoperatively to his primary care physician, still complaining of more pain than usual. Your examination, clinical lab tests, and X-rays do not reveal any serious problems, but he is writhing in pain and begging for relief. Mr Irk has been to a number of different physicians in the interlude including a chiropractor, a pain specialist, several primary care physicians, and a psychiatrist without relief. He has braced up with increasing amounts of analgesics, the latest of which was oral Dilaudid. His last source of pain meds on the street has dried up. You admit him with orders for...
Journal of Vascular Surgery
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January 27, 2012
Conclusions:
The German BQN is a valid and reliable outcome measure that has been successfully translated and culturally adapted. It is shorter, easier to use, and more responsive to change than the NDI and NPAD.Key WordsBournemouth Questionnaire; Outcome Assessment; Neck Pain; Chiropractic; Validity of Results (Source: Chiropractic and Osteopathy)
Chiropractic and Osteopathy
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January 24, 2012
Authors: Jones JW, McCullough LB
Abstract
You received a call advising that Mr S. H. Irk was in the emergency room having considerable wound pain following an above-knee amputation you performed 6 months ago. You discharged him from your clinic 6 weeks postoperatively to his primary care physician, still complaining of more pain than usual. Your examination, clinical lab tests, and X-rays do not reveal any serious problems, but he is writhing in pain and begging for relief. Mr Irk has been to a number of different physicians in the interlude including a chiropractor, a pain specialist, several primary care physicians, and a psychiatrist without relief. He has braced up with increasing amounts of analgesics, the latest of which was oral Dilaudid. His last source of pain meds on the ...
Pain Physician
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January 24, 2012
This article examines the chiropractic profession's history by dividing it into five Eras and suggests that there are three options available for the future of the profession. One: maintaining the status quo. Two: uniting under an evidence based scientific approach as partners in the health care delivery system that has buried the "one-cause, one-cure" sacred cow. The steps required to achieve this outcome are outlined. Three: openly dividing the profession into evidence based practitioners and subluxation based practitioners. Adopting this option would allow each branch of the profession to move forward in the health care delivery system unhindered by the other.It is unclear which option the profession will choose and whether the profession is mature enough to follow option two remains t...
Chiropractic and Osteopathy
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January 18, 2012
This article describes individual and organizational culture changes that occurred at Northwestern Health Sciences University.
â Mary Jo Kreitzer and Vic Sierpina (Source: Explore)
Explore
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December 31, 2011
Abstract: This editorial reviews the scientific sessions and announces the 4 award-winning scientific articles from the World Federation of Chiropractic 11th Biennial Congress held in Rio de Janeiro from April 6, to 9, 2011, that are published in this issue of the Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics. (Source: Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics)
Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics
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December 31, 2011
Coverage of chiropractic services is specifically limited to treatment by means of manual manipulation (ie, use of the hands) of the spine to correct a subluxation. Subluxation is defined as a motion segment in which alignment, movement integrity, and/or physiological function of the spine, are altered, although contact between joint surfaces remains intact. (Source: The Journal for Nurse Practitioners)
The Journal for Nurse Practitioners
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December 31, 2011
Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first randomized trial assessing chiropractic treatment vs minimal intervention in patients without acute coronary syndrome but with musculoskeletal chest pain. Results suggest that chiropractic treatment might be useful; but further research in relation to patient selection, standardization of interventions, and identification of potentially active ingredients is needed. (Source: Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics)
Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics
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December 20, 2011
CONCLUSIONS: There was weak evidence to support the use of hypnosis, psychotherapy, acupuncture, chiropractic and medicinal herbs but it was provided in each case by single small trials, some of dubious methodological rigour. Robust randomised trials are required with efficacy, cost-effectiveness and adverse effects clearly reported.
PMID: 22161390 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews)
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
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December 19, 2011
Conclusion:
The intention of chiropractors surveyed in this study shows low adherence to two recommendations from an evidence-based guideline for acute LBP. Quality of care for these patients could be improved through effective implementation of evidence-based guidelines. Further research to find cost-effective methods to increase implementation is warranted. (Source: Chiropractic and Osteopathy)
Chiropractic and Osteopathy
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December 14, 2011
Conclusion:
It was uncommon that chiropractic subjects treated for non-specific LBP experienced an entire week without any LBP at all over 18 weeks. When this occurred, it was most commonly reported for brief periods only. Hence, recovery in the sense that patients become absolutely pain free is rare, even in a primary care population. (Source: Chiropractic and Osteopathy)
Chiropractic and Osteopathy
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December 13, 2011
(Source: Clinical Chiropractic)
Clinical Chiropractic
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November 30, 2011
Introduction: Consistent with calls to improve the clinical training of chiropractic students, a program was initiated to provide supervised, pre-participation sports physicals to the student athletes (SAs) of a local high school. In addition, chiropractic interns (CIs) conduct a weekly injury status review and provide athletic training services during games. (Source: Clinical Chiropractic)
Clinical Chiropractic
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November 30, 2011
The objective of this study was to determine whether the addition of the emotional component of NET therapy to an existing treatment program could improve clinical outcomes (i.e. reduce inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity) in pediatric AD/HD. The purpose of this study was to test anecdotal claims of treatment success made by chiropractors using NET therapy for pediatric AD/HD. (Source: Clinical Chiropractic)
Clinical Chiropractic
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November 30, 2011
Objective: Spinal manipulation (SM) is a commonly used treatment for low back pain (LBP), but results of randomized controlled trials have not been consistent and questions remain about the specific clinical role of SM, especially for possible subgroups of LBP patients. The primary goal of our study was to determine if select patient characteristics were associated with clinical improvement in response to a course of SM. (Source: Clinical Chiropractic)
Clinical Chiropractic
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November 30, 2011
Introduction: In 2007 and 2008, Palmer Chiropractic College received 2 separate four-year developmental center grant awards from the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, National Institutes of Health, U.S. The goal of the Data Management Core for both of these centers was to enhance our ability to provide project-specific data collection and management services simultaneously for multiple clinical trials conducted both on and off site. This paper describes enhancements made to our existing secure web systems through the development and implementation of innovative web-based tools. (Source: Clinical Chiropractic)
Clinical Chiropractic
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November 30, 2011
Objective: Some voices within the chiropractic profession have recently advocated that chiropractors would be better served abandoning extremity diagnosis and treatment in exchange for the increased likelihood of an improved level of public and professional acceptance, growth, cultural authority and utilization. It is important for the profession to consider the arguments and the evidence carefully prior to endorsing such a radical departure from historic chiropractic practice. In order to not keep you waiting, and if the title did not give the ending away, we would like to a priori disclose that, on the face of it, it is rather difficult for the authors of this commentary to believe that treating sports injuries and the like have been the fundamental problem with and facing the profession...
Clinical Chiropractic
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November 30, 2011
Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a syndrome characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from absolute/relative impairment in insulin secretion and/or insulin action. Type II DM (T2DM) usually affects adults >30 years and affects 23.6 million Americans; another 57 million are pre-diabetic. The current standard of care for T2DM includes oral medications, insulin injections, and general lifestyle and nutritional advice. Conditions associated with T2DM include obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, pancreatitis and hypothyroidism. Complications include neuropathy, heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, blindness, and death. (Source: Clinical Chiropractic)
Clinical Chiropractic
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November 30, 2011
This study aimed to verify the causes and the prevalence of difficulties presented by chiropractic students when starting their clinical practice; verify the most used chiropractic technique as well as identify those that are more difficult to implement in the beginning of clinical performance. (Source: Clinical Chiropractic)
Clinical Chiropractic
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November 30, 2011
AbstractA number of cardioprotective effects, including the reduction of the LDL particle to oxidation, have been attributed to dietary soy isoflavones. Paraoxonase 1 (PON1), an enzyme mainly synthesized in the liver, may exhibit antiâatherogenic activity by protecting LDL from oxidation. Thus, dietary and pharmacological inducers of PON1 may reduce cardiovascular disease risk. Using a luciferase reporter gene assay we screened different flavonoids for their ability to induce PON1 in Huh7 hepatocytes in culture. Genistein was the most potent flavonoid regarding its PON1 inducing activity, followed by daidzein, luteolin, isorhamnetin and quercetin. Other flavonoids such as naringenin, cyanidin, malvidin and catechin showed only little or no PON1 inducing activity. Genisteinâmediated PON...
Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine
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February 2, 2012
Abstractâ Because of its critical role in the regulation of skeletal muscle metabolism, AMPâactivated protein kinase (AMPK) remains a central focus of research for the treatment of insulin resistance. The purpose of the current study was to determine the role of AMPKα2 activity in the regulation of glucose uptake and FA metabolism in insulinâresistant skeletal muscle. Male C57BL/6 mice were divided into control diet (CD) or high fat (60%) diet (HFD) fed groups for six weeks and were either wild type (WT) or possessed an AMPKα2 dominant negative transgene (DN). After 6 weeks, hindlimbs of CD (n = 10) and HFD (n = 10) mice were perfused ± 450 μU/ml insulin (IS). CD (n = 8) and HFD (n = 8) muscles were used for measurement of basal protein expression. In CD mice, low AMPKα2 activit...
Experimental Physiology
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February 2, 2012
Authors: Hopps E, Caimi G
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is commonly accompanied by an elevated cardiovascular risk with high morbidity and mortality. The alterations of the arterial vasculature begin with endothelial dysfunction and lead to micro- and macrovascular complications. The remodeling of the endothelial basal membrane, that promotes erosion and thrombosis, has a multifactorial pathogenesis that includes leukocyte activation, increased oxidative stress and also an altered matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) expression. MMPs are endopeptidases which degrade extracellular matrix proteins, such as collagen, gelatins, fibronectin and laminin. They can be secreted by several cells within the vascular wall, but macrophages are determinant in the atherosclerotic plaques. Their activit...
European Journal of Internal Medicine
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February 2, 2012
CONCLUSION: A 16-week VLCD induces considerable weight loss, metabolic amelioration, and major improvements in QoL in obese T2DM patients. The addition of exercise is of paramount importance for the maintenance of better QoL.
PMID: 22284244 [PubMed - in process] (Source: European Journal of Internal Medicine)
European Journal of Internal Medicine
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February 2, 2012
The United States Department of Health and Human Services recently launched the Million Hearts initiative to prevent 1 million heart attacks and strokes over the next 5 years by implementing proved, effective, and inexpensive interventions. But why stop at a million? We already have all the information we need to eradicate atherosclerotic disease, which is a food-borne illness. Coronary artery disease is virtually nonexistent in large populations of individuals who consume plant-based nutrition. Some of the most renowned cardiovascular pathologists in the world have stated that maintaining a total cholesterol level >150 mg/dl is the true cause of this disease. Plaque regression occurs in >80% of patients who adopt a low-fat vegetarian diet. Cardiac positron emission tomographic scans show ...
The American Journal of Cardiology
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February 2, 2012
Conclusions
This study provides insight into dietary habit as one of the modifiers of health effects of air pollution. Our findings merit further studies to characterise the influence of diet on air pollution-related health and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. (Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health)
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health
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February 1, 2012
Conclusions
Community-belonging was strongly related to health-behaviour change in Canada and may be an important component of population health prevention strategies. Efforts to increase community-belonging, however, need to be considered along with contextual factors. (Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health)
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health
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February 1, 2012
Authors: Boleij A, Tjalsma H
Abstract
A healthy human body contains at least tenfold more bacterial cells than human cells and the most abundant and diverse microbial community resides in the intestinal tract. Intestinal health is not only maintained by the human intestine itself and by dietary factors, but is also largely supported by this resident microbial community. Conversely, however, a large body of evidence supports a relationship between bacteria, bacterial activities and human colorectal cancer. Symbiosis in this multifaceted organ is thus crucial to maintain a healthy balance within the host-diet-microbiota triangle and accordingly, changes in any of these three factors may drive a healthy situation into a state of disease. In this review, the factors that sustain health...
Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society
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February 1, 2012
CONCLUSIONS: Elimination diet by a double-blind placebo controlled food challenge is the gold standard for diagnosis. Elimination of the offending allergen from the infants' diet is the main treatment principle.
PMID: 22282379 [PubMed - in process] (Source: World Journal of Pediatrics : WJP)
World Journal of Pediatrics : WJP
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January 31, 2012
[Children should eat more fruit and vegetables : Results of PRO GREENS].
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2012 Feb;55(2):254-9
Authors: Behrendt I, Krawinkel M
Abstract
A diet rich in fruits and vegetables in schoolchildren is important for the physical and cognitive development of the child as well as for the prevention of nutrition-related diseases. In Germany, 816 schoolchildren (boys and girls, aged 10-13 years) from 14 public schools in the central region of Hesse were asked about their fruit and vegetable intake in May 2009. The results show that the mean fruit intake is 185 g fruit per day and 83 g vegetables per day in all schoolchildren. There is no significant difference in the amounts of fruit consumed by boys and girls. Regard...
Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz
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January 31, 2012
This review considers the potential of certain dietary supplements, including garlic, Ginkgo biloba, ginger, ginseng, fish oil, and vitamin E, to interfere with hemostasis. Dietary supplements are common components of the diet in the United States, with about half the US adult population taking some type of dietary supplement regularly. It has been suggested that some supplements could adversely affect coagulation when taken alone or in combination with antiplatelet medications. Supplements could alter hemostasis by a variety of mechanisms, such as reducing platelet aggregation or inhibiting arachidonic acid, a cellular signaling messenger and inflammatory intermediate. To conduct this review, multiple databases were searched using a variety of search terms to ensure relevant papers were l...
Nutrition Reviews
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January 31, 2012
The rise in obesity in many countries has led to the emergence of nutritional information policies that aim to change people's diets. Changing an individual's diet is an ambitious goal, since numerous factors influence a person's foodâchoice decisions, many of which are made unconsciously. These frequently subconscious processes should not be underestimated in foodâchoice behavior, as they play a major role in food diet composition. In this review, research in cognitive experimental psychology and neuroscience provides the basis for a critical analysis of the role of pleasure in eating behaviors. An assessment of the main characteristics of nutritional policies is provided, followed by recent findings showing that food choices are guided primarily by automatic emotional processes. Neur...
Nutrition Reviews
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January 31, 2012
In the media, evocative headlines such as âEating Processed Foods Leads to Depressionâ () can be found within a few clicks of searching the term on any Internet browser. Still other news sources offer advice on how to slowly eliminate processed foods from the diet (), advancing the eating of natural food instead of processed food. The growing industry of organic foods, which has seen sales increase more than 25-fold since 1990 (), is seen as providing healthier, whole alternatives to refined processed foods. The effect of this manner of large-scale exposure is predictableârecent research shows that 43% of consumers have a negative view of processed foods, whereas only 18% look at them positively (). It is not surprising that recent times have seen the public respond against the incre...
Journal of the American Dietetic Association
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January 31, 2012
We claim as a matter of routine that âknowledge is power.â But we have known for decadesâindeed, centuriesâthat diet is a cornerstone of health, yet we have failed to achieve optimal dietary patterns for all. We have known the leading causes of premature death and chronic disease in the United States for 2 decades or more, and have done relatively little with the information. Knowledge may be necessary for power, but it is clearly not sufficient. Knowledge may be prerequisite to power, but is clearly not commensurate with it. The gap between what we know and what we do in disease prevention and health promotion, and specifically in the application of nutrition to these goals, belies the wishful thinking that just knowing is enough. What is required to bridge this gap? What operatio...
Journal of the American Dietetic Association
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January 31, 2012
In the October 2011 issue of the Journal, there was an error in the article âA Systematic Review of Behavioral Interventions to Promote Intake of Fruit and Vegetablesâ by Thomson and Ravia. In Figure 3 on page 1526, the Study design/intervention column for the MENU study incorrectly included âControl: breast self-exam, counseling, and telephone call (non-diet)â. This description does not apply to this study and should not have been included. As indicated elsewhere in the Figure, the MENU study used an untailored Web diet intervention as its control group, which did not include breast self-exam, counseling, or direct telephone contact. (Source: Journal of the American Dietetic Association)
Journal of the American Dietetic Association
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January 31, 2012
This article is intended to provide a comprehensive overview of the role of dietary methods for treatment of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) when pharmacotherapy has proven unsatisfactory or unacceptable. Results of recent research and controlled studies, based on a PubMed search, are emphasized and compared with earlier reports. The recent increase of interest in this form of therapy for ADHD, and especially in the use of omega supplements, significance of iron deficiency, and the avoidance of the "Western pattern" diet, make the discussion timely.
Diets to reduce symptoms associated with ADHD include sugar-restricted, additive/preservative-free, oligoantigenic/elimination, and fatty acid supplements. Omega–3 supplement is the latest dietary treatment w...
PEDIATRICS
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January 31, 2012
We report the case of a 2-year-old girl who presented to the emergency department with 1-week history of decreased activity, polyuria, and decreased oral intake. Her past medical history was remarkable for epilepsy, for which she was started on the KD with a significant improvement. Her laboratory evaluation was compatible with DKA, and fluids and insulin were given until correction. Because of concerns regarding recurrence of her seizures, the KD was resumed along with the simultaneous use of insulin glargine and insulin aspart. Urine ketones were kept in the moderate range to keep the effect of ketosis on seizure control. Under this combined therapy, the patient remained seizure-free with no new episodes of DKA. (Source: PEDIATRICS)
PEDIATRICS
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January 31, 2012
Authors: Tanaka Y, Kadokawa H
Abstract
In mammals, a prolonged delivery time during parturition is dangerous for both mother and fetus, although the mechanisms that prolong delivery are unclear. To investigate whether nutrition affects delivery time, we administered two feeds containing maintenance (L-feed) or higher (H-feed) levels of energy and protein at different points during the latter half of pregnancy and compared the effects of the various treatments on delivery time in rats. After the rats had been maintained on the L-feed and then copulated on pro-oestrus (Day 0), pregnant females were randomly allocated to one of three groups: (1) the no-improvement group, which was fed L-feed throughout gestation; (2) the early group, which was fed L-feed until Day 11 of gestation and ...
Reproduction, Fertility, and Development
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January 31, 2012
Conclusions:
We identified several behavioral predictors of disabling fatigue, including cardiovascular risk factors, prescription medication use, and alcohol use. These factors are important because they are able to be modified and could be potential factors for prevention or intervention. (Source: Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation)
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
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January 31, 2012
Response Genetics Inc. said it has raised more than $7.8 million through the private placement of 5.3 million in newly issued stock.
The Los Angeles-based company, which makes molecular diagnostic tests for cancer, said it sold the shares to undisclosed investors for $1.50 a share, a premium of 27 percent above its closing stock price of $1.18 a share on Wednesday.
New investors accounted for the majority of the financing, while existing investors, as well as board members and senior management, made up the remainder, Response Genetics said... (Source: bizjournals.com Health Care:Biotechnology headlines)
bizjournals.com Health Care:Biotechnology headlines
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February 3, 2012
Shares of Chapel Hill drug developer Cempra (Nasdaq: CEMP) opened at $6.20 on its first day of trading as a public company, up 3.3 percent from the IPO price of $6. A total of 8.4 million shares at a price well below the expected $11 to $13. For more, go here.
Cempra is headed by CEO Prabha Fernandes. (Source: bizjournals.com Health Care:Biotechnology headlines)
bizjournals.com Health Care:Biotechnology headlines
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February 3, 2012
Two Alabama House members from opposing parties have filed similar bills seeking to legalize the medical use of marijuana.
With the 2012 session to begin Tuesday, Rep. Patricia Todd (D-Birmingham) is again carrying a bill that would allow qualifying patients to possess up to 2.5 ounces of marijuana if prescribed by a physician.
Meanwhile, Rep. K.L. Brown, R-Jacksonville, a funeral home owner who says his sister used marijuana to control pain before her death from breast cancer 25 years ago, has filed a similar bill... (Source: bizjournals.com Health Care:Biotechnology headlines)
bizjournals.com Health Care:Biotechnology headlines
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February 3, 2012
Two executives have left HealthSpring following the company's merger with Cigna, which closed earlier this week.
Karey Witty, executive vice president and chief financial officer of HealthSpring, and Michael Mirt, president of the company, are no longer with the company, as of Jan. 31, the day Cignaâs $3.8 billion acquisition of Franklin-based HealthSpring was finalized.
Mirt's duties will split between two HealthSpring executive vice presidents, Shawn Morris and Scott Huebner. Morris will be president of operations, and Huebner president of clinical operations... (Source: bizjournals.com Health Care:Biotechnology headlines)
bizjournals.com Health Care:Biotechnology headlines
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February 3, 2012
Stanley Black & Decker is closing a West Baltimore facility and cutting 142 jobs, according to a notice with the stateâs labor department. Meanwhile, Adventist Behavioral Health is closing a Crownsville facility and laying off 100 people, a separate filing with the state said.
Stanley Black & Decker plans to close its Baltimore Protection Net Center on Sisson Street, the filing said. The layoffs will take place in waves, starting April 1-14, and ending with a Oct. 23-Nov. 6 wave.
Adventist is closing a treatment facility and school in Crownsville on March 31... (Source: bizjournals.com Health Care:Biotechnology headlines)
bizjournals.com Health Care:Biotechnology headlines
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February 3, 2012
Hanger Orthopedic Group Inc., a manufacturer and provider of prosthetics, orthotics and related services, has unveiled a new name, logo and strategy.
The Austin-based company plans to shorten its name to Hanger (NYSE: HGR), and change its clinic business, now called Hanger Prosthetics & Orthotics, to Hanger Clinic. The companyâs shareholders are expected to approve the name changes at the annual shareholder meeting in May.
The company has developed a new logo to compliment the name changes called Empower Mark, that âsymbolizes a beacon of hope for Hangerâs clients,â company officials said... (Source: bizjournals.com Health Care:Biotechnology headlines)
bizjournals.com Health Care:Biotechnology headlines
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February 3, 2012
Talon Therapeutics Inc. must hurdle a Food and Drug Administration advisory panel March 21 before its experimental leukemia drug can be approved.
San Mateo-based Talon (OTCBB: TLON) said Friday that its drug Marqibo will be assessed by the FDAâs oncology drugs advisory committee for treating adult Philadelphia chromosome-negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia, a rare blood cancer.
âWe believe Marqibo has the potential to help a near end-stage leukemia population of patients without good treatment options,â Talon President and CEO Dr... (Source: bizjournals.com Health Care:Biotechnology headlines)
bizjournals.com Health Care:Biotechnology headlines
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February 3, 2012
The Susan G. Komen for the Cure Foundation on Friday said it has reversed its decision about funding grants for Planned Parenthood.
The organization, which has Cincinnati affiliate, said earlier this week that it would not fund grant applications to groups under federal investigation, which includes Planned Parenthood.
Culture Map reports that after the initial Komen announcement, Planned Parenthood received more than $400,000 in donations in 24 hours.
A Friday statement from Nancy Brinker, the founder of the foundation, apologized for upsetting its supporters and partners with the funding removal, and said the foundation will âensure that politics has no place in our grant process... (Source: bizjournals.com Health Care:Biotechnology headlines)
bizjournals.com Health Care:Biotechnology headlines
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February 3, 2012
The Ohio Department of Health has awarded two grants worth a combined $65,000 to the Alcohol, Drug Addiction & Mental Health Services Board for Montgomery County.
One grant, worth $40,000, will go toward programs for mental health consultation, assessments and treatment of children from birth to 5 years old who are at risk of removal from their custodial home, are victims of abuse or neglect or are entering foster care. Those dollars also can be used to help educate biological and foster parents of children in the welfare system... (Source: bizjournals.com Health Care:Biotechnology headlines)
bizjournals.com Health Care:Biotechnology headlines
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February 3, 2012
The Susan G. Komen for the Cure Foundation on Friday said it has reversed its decision about funding grants for Planned Parenthood.
The organization, which has an Albany, New York, affiliate, said earlier this week that it would not fund grant applications to groups under federal investigation, which includes Planned Parenthood.
Culture Map reports that after the initial Komen announcement, Planned Parenthood received more than $400,000 in donations in 24 hours.
A Friday statement from Nancy Brinker, the founder of the foundation, apologized for upsetting its supporters and partners with the funding removal, and said the foundation will âensure that politics has no place in our grant process... (Source: bizjournals.com Health Care:Biotechnology headlines)
bizjournals.com Health Care:Biotechnology headlines
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February 3, 2012
Avermectins are the most widely used class of anthelmintic drugs, both as pesticides and as treatments for nematode-borne diseases, with the evolution of resistance presenting a major global health and ⦠[Read more] (Source: This Week in Science)
This Week in Science
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February 3, 2012
This week's Newsmakers are Janet Rowley of the University of Chicago, Brian Druker of the Oregon Health & Science University, Nicholas Lydon of Blueprint Medicines, and Masato Sagawa of Intermetallics Co., winners of the Japan Prizes; Scott Doney, whose nomination to be chief scientist of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration has been withdrawn by the White House; Johannes Vogel, an expert on fern genetics, who took over as director of Berlin's Natural History Museum this week; and Paul Alivisatos of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Charles Lieber of Harvard University, Jacob Bekenstein of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Ronald Evans of the Salk Institute, Michael Aschbacher of the California Institute of Technology, and Luis Caffarelli of the University of Texas, A...
Science: Current Issue
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February 3, 2012
J. Environ. Monit., 2012, 14,319-326DOI: 10.1039/C2EM90001G, NewsRead the latest environmental news including:
Public and occupational health
Research
Chemical hazards
Environmental quality
LegislationThe content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry (Source: RSC - J. Environ. Monit. latest articles)
RSC - J. Environ. Monit. latest articles
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February 3, 2012
How medicine, sports and society are trying to heal and protect the brains of millions amidst the growing awareness of the long-lasting effects of traumatic head injury [More] (Source: Scientific American - Official RSS Feed)
Scientific American - Official RSS Feed
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February 3, 2012
ABSTRACTWe examine the effect of a health plan's pay for performance incentives on the percentage of outpatient drug prescriptions that are filled with generic rather than brandâname drugs in physicians' practices in an established physician network â the generic prescription rate (GPR). The financial reward was based on the performance of the entire network, but the network implemented rewards at the practice level. Practiceâlevel rewards were awarded on an allâorânothing basis if the GPR met or exceeded specialtyâspecific targets that increased each year. Although that design gave the practices a strong incentive to meet the target, practices performing far below the target might âgive upâ, costing the network its reward. Using a partial adjustment model, we estimate that...
Health Economics
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February 3, 2012
Mind-reading technology notwithstanding, there is no prospect of anyone looking inside your skull without your consent (Source: New Scientist - Health)
New Scientist - Health
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February 3, 2012
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